By Parag Khanna, Special to CNN


updated 12:16 PM EDT, Wed April 9, 2014
Editor’s note: Parag Khanna is a Senior Fellow at the New America Foundation and author of The Second World (2008), How to Run the World (2011), and Hybrid Reality (2012). The views expressed in this commentary are solely his.
(CNN) — Five hundred years ago as the Spanish and Portuguese empires were carving up the Western hemisphere into colonial spheres, Europe’s imperial competition in the Indian Ocean was equally intense.