Peace for the World

Peace for the World
First democratic leader of Justice the Godfather of the Sri Lankan Tamil Struggle: Honourable Samuel James Veluppillai Chelvanayakam

Friday, July 10, 2015

Broad political front to protect 'January 8 mandate'
CBK to make special announcement next week CBK to make special announcement next week:
Daily News Online : Sri Lanka's National NewsSeveral UPFA stalwarts decided to join the UNP yesterday to form a broad political front for the forthcoming Parliamentary election with the aim of protecting the 'January 8" mandate. Several ex-Parliamentarians of the UPFA, including Patali Champika Ranawaka and Rajitha Senaratne, had held discussions with the UNP in this regard,informed political sources told the Daily News.
The group will join the UNP as the "United Font for Good Governance" with the symbol 'diamond'. They will however contest the election under the United National Party ticket, the Daily News learns UPFA stalwarts namely Rajitha Senaratne, Patali Champika Ranawaka, Arjuna Ranatunga, S.B. Dissanayake, M.K.D.S Gunawardena, Piyasena Gamage, Sarath Amunugama, Reginald Cooray, Sudharshini Fernandopulle, Neomal Perera, Ven. Athuraliye Rathana Thera and Hirunika Premachandra are likely to join the front, political sources said. Some of the ex-MPs who took part in the discussion have already signed nomination papers to contest from the UPFA. "They will have to withdraw their signatures before joining the new front," a Parliamentarian involved in the discussions told the Daily News.
Meanwhile, former President Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga too is expected to returtn to Sri Lanka next week. Sources close to the former President said she would make a special statement next week, explaining her position on the Parliamentary election.
To accomodate new groups and ex-UPFA MPs supporting the party, the UNP is now exploring the possibility of contesting the election as the United National Front. A final decision on the matter will be made at the party convention scheduled for today, UNP sources said.
Speaking to the Daily News, a UNP Parliamentarian said there were certain questions about accommodating former Parliamentarian Ven. Athuraliye Rathana Thera being accommodated in the UNP list.
"However, as of the party constitution of the UNP, Buddhist monks cannot contest for elections. This matter must first be sorted out," he added. "While President Mathripala Sirisena had chosen party before the country, UNP Leader and Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe, as always, had chosen the country before the party. The party's new move would naturally deprive opportunity for several UNPers to contest at the upcoming election as the new comers have to be accommodated" UNP Western Provincial Councilor Niroshan Padukka commented. 

Midst the politics of rebirth and voodoo 


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July 10, 2015, 7:06 pm
When the history of the current nomination period in Sri Lanka is written there will be much said about the silence maintained on key issues by today’s leader of the SLFP, who does have a great responsibility on the matter and is certainly not placed in an easy position, with party unity more important than a corrupt free democracy. Yet it is time to recall the words of Martin Luther King Jr, the champion of the democratic rights of the black people of the USA, that: " There comes a time when silence is betrayal". We may not have to await the records of history to feel the public thinking on this matter today.

Whatever history may have to say, there are many interesting thoughts afloat about what has become a hugely g crooked game of politics taking place today in the run up to nominations for the coming general election. When all the current give and take on crooked politics is over, July 13 is when the public will know the whole truth, or whatever that has not so far been leaked through the media. With many people believing that 13 is an unlucky number, with the origins of such thinking going back to the 13 who sat at the Last Supper of Jesus Christ; and one of them was Judas Iscariot, let’s not ponder on the luck or not of 13.

Instead, let’s hope that 13 has nothing unlucky or foreboding about it, and that we do have a good and clean election, where "MaCo" or the lively Commissioner General of Elections plays another big role in the cause of democracy.

All this apart, what interested me very much was the latest twist in crossover politics that was heard earlier this week. It came from the dark one from Uva, who seems to hold the record for recent double or triple crossovers in politics. After his first leap into the ranks of victory after January 8, he said the reason for the jump was that his leader" apuchcha" or father, as Mahinda Rajapaksa was lovingly known to his supporters in the run up to the poll, was dead. He later also said he did not want to carry the body of a dead "apuchcha". We now hear the man, having done a re- crossover, back to his old ranks, tell us that "apuchcha" has been reborn, so he is now on the side of the re-born.

We are now in the politics of rebirth. There is little doubt that the vast number of those of the recently dissolved parliament would love to make it known to the voters that they have all been reborn into the world of politics. Such political rebirth will be most helpful in erasing from the minds of the people the whole record of crooked politics that those who formed a formidable majority in the last parliament so brazenly displayed.

Such a record of rebirth may enable people forget how (in their previous birth) they helped the former leader to improve on a simple majority in parliament, have a two-thirds majority in the House, with those clearly purchased, through the offer of political office and all the perks and special privileges that went with it.

It may also help people forget, or set aside memories, of how they were part of the largest ever Cabinet of Ministers in any democracy, with the Cabinet of the current minority government, of Yahapaalanaya, coming very close to breaking that record.

For those who have no religious belief in rebirth, it will also be interesting to see if they can tell us that they have been to confession, where they declared all the political and other sins associated with office and position they have committed, and that they have carried out the penance ordered for the forgiveness of such sins, if such huge forgiveness is ever possible.

Rebirth or penance and forgiveness apart, the campaign for election to the next parliament that has already been launched, will certainly have a great deal to do with religion, or the symbols of it. These will include both secret and publicized visits to various places of religious worship, especially to Hindu devalas, where the assistance of deities will be sought for success when the votes are counted. It may happen that some of these are shrines known for animal a sacrifice, but who would care if the best results can come even through sacrificed animals? There will also be visits to churches and other centres of prayer, where divine assistance will be sought with vows and various offerings, for another term in the seats of Parliament, where the interests of the people will be forgotten, no sooner the swearing in as a new MP is done.

The game will be on from Monday the 13th. There will be plenty of political antics on display, and every possible effort to fool, the people, by politicians and leaders of experience, as to how best their past records could and must be forgotten, and a brand new chance given to keep the people fooled for the next five years.

All this talk of rebirth and the search for spiritual support to win the minds of the people, after many years of betrayal of the people’s will and rights, makes one wonder whether we are fast moving on to the zombie or voodoo politics known Haiti and other Caribbean countries, where the supernatural forces are said to reanimate the forces of the dead.

Let’s hope August 17 brings us to the decisive end of rebirth and voodoo politics.

What Is Unfolding Today Was Reported By Colombo Telegraph On January 12


Colombo TelegraphJuly 10, 2015
Although many Yahapalanaya supporters may be shocked now that President Maithripala Sirisena has given nominations to Mahinda Rajapaksa, it was correctly reported by Colombo Telegraph on the 15th of Janaury 2015, quoting close sources, that the Maithripala / Mahinda combination had in fact agreed to a secret pact prior to Rajapaksa handing over the Chairmanship to Maithripala at the residence of the speaker.
 Maithripala and Mahinda| File photo
Maithripala and Mahinda| File photo
Even though President Maithripala denied the fact that any agreement was made then, it was rightly exposed by Colombo Telegraph that the agreement was two fold. The first was that the current President Maithripala not take action against any one of the ‘Rajapaksa clan’ and that the former President would be permitted to contest the General Elections.
On January 15th, we reported as follows;
Despite his initial struggle to remain as the SLFP Chairman, former President Mahinda Rajapaksa has agreed to resign from the position and hand it over to to President Maithripala Sirisena. His agreement to hand over the position to President Sirisena has been due to a deal that he has been trying to make in order to halt the inquiries into the corruptive and undemocratic acts committed by the Rajapaksas and members of his regime. He had also requested that he be given the chance to contest at the upcoming general elections.
Also what is unfolding today is the advice that Basil Rajapaksa gave his ousted big brother the former President Mahinda Rajapaksa which was also exposed by Colombo Telegraph on the 12th January 2015, barely three days after being ousted. In that expose titled ” Basil Tells Mahinda: Allow UFA to Support Maithri“, is where the former Economic Minister strategically advises the former President not to scuttle with the new President, but rather support him in his first few days of claiming office. This advise was more in order to get closer to the new President and claim him to be a SLFP man and in seeking avenues in elbowing out the United National Party.
On January 12th, we reported as follows;                             Read More 

‘Let traitor Maithri and corrupt Medamulana brute dig their own common grave’- a SLFP group and all other forces join UNP Front !


LEN logo(Lanka-e-News -10.July.2015, 11.55PM) We are happy to break a most welcome news report that would buoy up the presently depressed and disappointed people who were most ruthlessly and unconscionably let down by Polonnaruwe Pallewatte Gamaralalge Maithreepala Yapa Sirisena (who committed the biggest betrayal ever in history ),that all patriotic forces for good governance which  contributed to the victory on 8 th January have decided this evening to join hands with the UNP as a common Front  to rescue the nation that is right now most grief stricken in the wake of President Polonnaruwe Pallewatte Gamarala’s recent monumental record breaking betrayal.
It is a well known indisputable fact that the incumbent president Gamarala Maithripala came to power after openly rejecting Mahinda Rajapakse regime as a most corrupt , murderous and perfidious administration which robbed the country of its assets in billions and billions of rupees. As the people clamored for a change for the better so Gamarala Maithripala promised that he would wipe out corruption , violence and frauds in the country including the Rajapakse family rule which has brought the country to the brink of total destruction.
The destitute frustrated people who were economically routed rallied round Maithri the villager who made grandiose promises and gave them tremendous  hopes. They therefore   pinned implicit faith that this Gamarala Maithripala , a puritan or so he called himself who is making such grandiose solemn promises and pledges  would fulfill their long awaited aspirations and hopes. 
Finally , he was elected as president not by his crooked , corrupt and criminal Medamulana parties , but by the common opposition fielding him as a common opposition presidential candidate during which process , the people and the political parties that backed him risked their lives and made supreme sacrifices .
Just as Gamarala Maithripala completed 180 days of his reign , lo and behold ! , the same Gamarala Maithripala did a 180 degree turnabout to make the biggest betrayal in history that put to shame even the Biblical Judas .That is he betrayed the very people , the people’s forces and the political parties that  elected him to power , to once again join hands with the Rajapakse crooks , criminals and their den of thieves he viciously, openly  and loudly condemned earlier on when he was ingratiating  himself with the patriotic , pure and clean opposition parties and forces prior to elections. 
Now, in a salutray move ,all patriotic forces and parties , the monks, who left the JHU  , its leaders , that is the JHU  in its entirety ; all leaders of the SLFP who are pro good governance ; and a majority constitutiing the forces of  Leftist parties including LSSP and Communist party are to contest the upcoming elections under a common ,  ‘United National good governance Front’ based on a momorandum of understanding to be signed by them with the UNP. It is significant to note that they are to contest under the elephant symbol .
S.B Dissanayake , Rajitha Senaratne , Arjuna Ranatunge, M.K.D.S. Gunawardena , Hirunika Premachandra ,Sudharshini Fernandopulle ,Reginald Cooray ,Prasanna Solanga Arachi,and Karunarahne Paranavithane are the SLFPers who are walking out on and disdainfully   rejecting Pallewatte Gamarala the local Judas ,to  allow him to do whatever he wants  with the corrupt brutal Rajapakses, after becoming aware they have both dug their own common grave. Though Sanath Jayasiriya too has consented to join , no decision has been taken yet , because the nomination list is already full.
This group  is throughly disillusioned and disgruntled wiith the SLFP because of the unholy illicit alliance formed. They have hence sought nominations through the UNP. Ranil Wickremesinghe the UNP leader has then directly contacted Gamarala Maithripala today to inform  this group is joining with the UNP and they are  being given nominations under it. Gamarala Maithripala who is guilt riden after resorting to  all these sinister , hypocritical ,anti national actions , could not but agree. 
Professor Jayampathy Wickremerathne of the Left oriented  force , who functioned as a presidential advisor,  and made a mojor contribution towards the 19 th amendment has been included in the UNP national list. Field Marshal General Fonseka too   has consented to withdraw the nomination under his party and join with the new UNP Front.
The people’s movement for just society , the Citizens Force, as well as civil and professional associations numbering 49 that united to earn victory for the swan symbol that time have also decided in their entirety to support the UNP led Front with the determination to defeat the Medamulana corrupt brutes led corrupt cronies and crooks.
Already , leaders of the minority parties , Hakeem , Mano Ganeshan and  Digambaram have consented to contest jointly with the UNP.

At the special convention of the UNP tomorrow (11) at the Campbell park ,all are to be invited officially to join the UNP Front , and on Sunday , all of them are to convene a media briefing .
Pollonaruwa Pallewatte Gamarala who profusely lied and cheated on the very people who toiled and made supreme scarifices to enthrone  him as president , only to  finally betray them on a scale that surpassed Judas for its cruelty and atrocity -  all for  filthy lucre (huge Chinese kickback received) in much the same way as Judas, is expecting to make a special announcement on the 13 th,  and  to tell before the media that he did not betray after all.
Lanka e news too is expecting to reveal after that , about his ‘clean’ slate with evidence.
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by     (2015-07-10 22:39:38)

India extends tsunami warning services to Sri Lanka, Seychelles

 The warning system has been developed by Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), Hyderabad, in collaboration with RIMES. Friday, July 10, 2015
New Delhi: India on Friday extended its tsunami early warning system services to Sri Lanka and the Seychelles.
Zee NewsThe integrated ocean information services and tsunami warning services would be extended to the coastal nations, Union Minister for Earth Sciences Harsh Vardhan announced on the sidelines of Regional Integrated Multi-Hazard Early Warning System of Asia and Africa (RIMES) Ministerial Conference here today.
The warning system has been developed by Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), Hyderabad, in collaboration with RIMES. Such a service has already been operationalised for Maldives.
The issue of having such a system was raised in a meeting of RIMES, a Bangkok-based multi-governmental organisation, of which India is a member. It was suggested that India should build capabilities of issuing early warning in an event of tsunami which was agreed upon by India.
The conference also saw attendance from 23 nations which included Afghanistan, Armenia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Comoros, Laos, Myanmar, Maldives, Mongolia, Mozambique, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Pakistan, the Philippines, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Uzbekistan and Vietnam.
The conference also adopted a Master Plan for 2016-2020 which includes a country specific capacity building priorities of member and collaborating countries for user-centred early warning for hazard.
The Master Plan 2016-2020 aims to integrate seamless forecast and early warning information into planning and decision-making for reducing risks from various hazards and maximising opportunities associated with climate.
"Major aspects revolved around the conference were the possible risks and hazards and ways to mitigate it. This time, we have added the monsoon and everything related to the list, like the forecast, early warning related to floods pertaining to member countries," said Shailesh Nayak, secretary, Ministry of Earth Sciences.
Speaking at the end of the conference, Vardhan said the declaration was just not a yearly event, but a global emerging movement for protection of the world from calamities, particularly tsunami.
"This movement is a stepping stone and the movement will become a precursor to all 192 countries of the world," Vardhan said.
PTI 

First Published: Friday, July 10, 2015 - 20:48

Why Should We Encourage Political Participation Of Persons With Disabilities


Colombo TelegraphBy Senarath Attanayake –July 10, 2015 
Senarath Attanayake
Senarath Attanayake
Persons with disabilities are considered one of the most marginalised communities in the world. The inequalities however, do not arise from their disabilities but from social and institutional barriers that deprive them of the opportunity to enjoy the same rights and privileges as their non-disabled peers. Governments in most parts of the world ignore the community of persons with disabilities in the formulation of laws and policies mainly due to the lack of understanding of issues that particularly affect disabled persons. One of the main reasons for this ignorance arise from the exclusion of persons with disabilities from the political process.
Equitable participation is the primary requirement of a sustainable democracy. Gender advocates have, for a long time, fought for gender equality in politics and have demanded women’s representation in the legislature. We saw in the news this week that the Ministry of Women’s Affairs has requested all political parties contesting the August parliamentary elections to nominate at least 30 percent of women candidates from their respective parties. Let us hope that the parties respond to this call and make changes in a country where women’s representation was one of the lowest in South Asia so far.
The community of persons with disabilities across the world are believed to comprise of at least 15% of the global population according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In Sri Lanka, available data indicate that 8.6% of the population live with some form of disability, which means that at least 1.7 million Persons could be living with Disabilities in the country. Added with the family members and caregivers, the entire constituency of disabled persons could be at least 5 million persons in Sri Lanka. These numbers could prove to be much more if accurate statistics on the population of persons with disabilities were available. Additionally, due to the rising percentage of older persons in Sri Lanka, who are estimated to reach 22% of the population by 2030, there is a sharp increase of age-related disabilities in the country.
The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) in Article 29 of establishes the right to equal participation in political and public life including the right to vote, stand for elections and hold office. The opportunity of equal participation is at the heart of what it means to live in a democratic society for persons with disabilities.                                                 Read More

A window to hell in Gaza

A destroyed home in Khuzaa, September 2014.
-Anne PaqActiveStills

Electronic IntifadaMax Blumenthal-10 July 2015
Spending the day of 17 August in Khuzaa was like peering through a window to hell. But what we witnessed in the landscape of apocalyptic oblivion paled in comparison to the experience described to me by two Palestine Red Crescent volunteers who had attempted to break through the Israeli military cordon during the siege of the town.
Twenty-five-year-old Ahmed Awad and 24-year-old Ala’a Alkusofi arrived at the edge of Khuzaa at a time when Red Cross ambulance crews refused to travel anywhere near the town. They said they had come to collect the body of a man whom soldiers had lashed to a tree by both arms and shot in the leg. When they arrived at the site, the soldiers ordered the driver of their ambulance, Muhammed Abadla, to exit the vehicle. When he obliged, they told him to walk five meters forward and switch on a flashlight. As soon as he flicked the light on, the soldiers shot him in the chest and killed him.
“It was something I’ll never forget,” Awad recalled, “seeing a colleague killed like that in front of me. I couldn’t believe what I witnessed.”
The two Red Crescent volunteers told me they later found a man in Khuzaa with rigor mortis, holding both hands over his head in surrender, his body filled with bullets. Deeper in the town, they discovered an entire family so badly decomposed they had to be shoveled with a bulldozer into a mass grave. In a field on the other side of town, Awad and Alkusofi found a shell-shocked woman at least 80 years of age hiding in a chicken coop. She had taken shelter there for nine days during the siege, living off of nothing but chicken feed and rain water. “She couldn’t believe it when we found her,” said Alkusofi. “She was sure she would die with the chickens.”

Horror stories

In nearly every shattered home I entered in Khuzaa, on every bomb-cratered street, in destroyed mosques and vandalized schools, I heard horror stories like this. Every resident I met in this town was touched by the violence in one way or another. While visiting the town, I wandered into the courtyard of a rehabilitation clinic for women and children afflicted with Continuous Traumatic Stress Disorder — a condition that affects a solid majority of youth in Gaza.
Located on a street lined with four-story apartments pockmarked with bullets and tank shells, the school was completely empty, but the signs of an Israeli presence were everywhere. As we entered, we found Stars of David spray painted by soldiers across the walls, right below colorful heart-shaped paper cut-outs bearing the names of students. In the closet of an administrative office that was neatly kept except for a few scattered papers, I found a spent M72 Light Anti-Tank Weapon. It was one of the shoulder-mounted launching tubes manufactured in Mesa, Arizona, by the Norwegian-owned Nammo arms corporation. The weapon had been used by the Israelis to rocket civilian homes across Gaza’s boundary regions.
In a classroom across the courtyard, sunrays burst through a gaping hole in the wall about the size of a 120mm tank shell. They shone light on a series of colorful posters decorated with matching ribbons that contained motivational messages. They read:
It always seems impossible until it’s done
Stay alive
Look to the future
No negative thoughts allowed
We wandered around the corner, past a group of children filling a jug of water from a truck that replaced the water tower Israeli forces detonated, past the giant dome of the Ebad al-Rahman mosque, which now sat on a pile of rubble next to the toppled water tower like the ancient ruins of some bygone empire. Nearby, we entered a small courtyard surrounded by a warren of shattered homes. At the edge of the yard, a small boy lay impassively in his bed in a room with no walls. A ceiling fan that looked as though it had been melted dangled above his head. In the center of the yard sat a gigantic olive green barrel. It was a spent Giant Viper round — one of the C4-packed mine clearing devices the Israelis fired into the center of Khuzaa during the assault on the town. A hen flapped its wings next to the barrel and chased after baby chicks bouncing through the rubble.
“Where are you from?” an old man called out to me from the road. He wore large spectacles and a morning robe, his front pocket stuffed with paper notepads, various cards and a glasses holder. He reminded me of my older Jewish relatives who came of age before the digital era and grew accustomed to carrying stacks of business cards, coupons and handwritten reminders in their shirt and coat pockets along with assorted mints and pens.
“I’m from America,” I told the man, readying for an indignant response.
“Ahhhh, Amreeka,” he grumbled. “I want to thank the American people,” the man continued, advancing to within two feet of me. “They are nice people, they give us food and bread and they give the Israelis weapons to kill us. They have different standards. It would be nice if they treated us all as humans.”

“We love life”

He introduced himself as Ali Ahmed Qudeh, the father of Kamal Qudeh, the doctor who treated the town’s wounded under heavy bombardment and in spite of being injured himself. Like his son, Ali Ahmed was a supporter of Fatah, the rivals of Hamas. And like virtually everyone I met in Gaza, he was an ardent supporter of the armed resistance of the Qassam Brigades, Hamas’ armed wing. “Our weapons are not terrorist weapons, our weapons are [for] self-defense,” he insisted. “Our weapons are to free our land. We are dignified people, we love life. We don’t hate life like they say. But we’ll die for our land.”
As a group of small children gathered in the courtyard, Ali Ahmed detailed to me how many family members each child lost in the assault on Khuzaa. Pointing at the little boy lying in bed, he suggested that the most devastating consequence of the war was not the death toll, but the psychological impact on the youngest members of his community.
“That kid wants to make an atomic bomb and obliterate Israel!” he roared. “Why? Because he saw his family members die in front of him! How can you raise kids who want to make bombs?”
When I made my way back into the road, I heard Ali Ahmed call after me again. He was rushing forward through the rubble with a tray of sweets. “I don’t mean to say that all Americans are bad,” he said, urging me to take a freshly baked cookie. “It’s the government that’s the problem, not the people.”
Just then, an Israeli squadron of American-made F-16s roared through the sky. A small girl standing beside me ducked reflexively at the sound of the jets, bracing for another missile strike. The war was far from over.
This essay is excerpted from Max Blumenthal’s new book, The 51 Day War: Ruin and Resistance in Gazapublished by Nation Books.
Max Blumenthal is an award winning journalist and bestselling author. His previous books include Goliath: Life and Loathing in Greater Israel (2013, Nation Books).

Thai police chief: DNA evidence in Koh Tao murder trial ‘is not lost’

Thai Police chief Gen. Somyot Poompanmoung. Pic: AP.
Thai Police chief Gen. Somyot Poompanmoung. Pic: AP.
By  Jul 10, 2015
Thailand’s top police official insisted Friday that crucial DNA evidence linking two Burmese migrants to the murders of British backpackers David Miller and Hannah Witheridge has not been lost.
Gen. Somyot Poompanmoung’s comments came after reports emerged Thursday that the evidence had been lost or destroyed. One police officer had reportedly told the BBC that the samples had been lost, or that they were only suitable for one test.
“It is not lost,” Somyot said.
The comments came on the third day of the trial in a case marred by questions of police and judicial incompetency and claims that the accused were tortured into confessing.
The availability of the DNA evidence for independent testing, as requested by the defence, has emerged as a key element in the trial Zaw Lin and Wai Phyo, both 22.
After two days of delays, the court was expected to rule Friday on a defense request to re-examine the DNA evidence.
Earlier Friday Hannah Witheridge’s father wept as images of his daughter’s body were shown to the court and a forensic police officer described the severe injuries she sustained. He also said there was evidence she had been raped.
Burmese migrant workers Zaw Lin, center front, and Win Zaw Htun, rear center, arrive at a provincial court in Surat Thani province, Thailand Wednesday. Pic: AP.
Burmese migrant workers Zaw Lin, center front, and Win Zaw Htun, rear center, arrive at a provincial court in Surat Thani province, Thailand Wednesday. Pic: AP.
Speaking to reporters Friday, David Miller’s mother, Sue, said attending the trial, which is taking place on the neighboring island of Koh Samui, has “been very, very hard”.
His father, Ian, said: “We’ll go with the flow as much as we can. We won’t comment on the trial process. We’ll be dignified for David.”
The bodies of Miller, 24, and Witheridge, 23, were found on Sept. 15 on a beach on Koh Tao last year. The Burmese defendants were charged in December after confessing to the murders, but later retracted their confessions claiming they were tortured.
Additional reporting from Associated Press

Morocco Is Running Out of Time

Unemployment and stagnation are fueling extremism — and the king's gradual reforms aren't cutting it.
Morocco Is Running Out of Time
BY ROBERT LOONEY-JULY 9, 2015
The Islamic State has thrived by exploiting the anger of the politically and economically marginalized in unstable and dysfunctional countries like Iraq, Syria, and Libya. Why, then, has it begun targeting the relatively stable kingdom of Morocco? Hardly a week passes without Moroccan security services announcing the arrest of members of an alleged Islamic State sleeper cell. While precise numbers are unavailable, between a few hundred and over a thousand Moroccans have been recruited and trained by the Islamic State in Syria. Moroccan authorities fear these radicalized fighters will return to seek further recruits and launch attacks on home soil. What actions the returnees take and the likelihood of their success could depend on the level of popular discontent that awaits them.
On the one hand, Morocco’s rising poverty, growing youth unemployment, and suppression of peaceful political dissent create a fertile Islamic State recruiting ground. On the other hand, with an innovative, growth-oriented approach to development that combines the best of western and Islamic economic principles and a spiritual but anti-theocratic style of Islam that discourages extremism, Morocco could weather the storm — and even transform itself into an economic model for countries seeking to defuse the Islamic State threat. The outcome is far from certain, and ultimately depends on whether King Mohammed VI has the political will to accelerate the pace of reform.
During the Arab Spring in 2011, the king quickly initiated a series ofconstitutional reforms after pro-democracy demonstrations broke out in Morocco. Though he stopped short of relinquishing his own power in favor of a constitutional monarchy, he did increase the role and independence of the prime minister and parliament. In addition, Morocco’s new constitution provided for greater civil liberties and expanded human rights — although similar promises had been made in the past, only to be rescinded. Nonetheless, the new constitution succeeded, at least temporarily, in defusing the crisis. In contrast to so many other countries, Morocco appeared to have emerged stronger politically from the Arab Spring. 
But if the unrest was to be controlled, Morocco’s deep economic malaise would also need to be addressed. Its economy had been hard-hit by the international economic crisis of 2008-09, with falling remittances and high unemployment among workers returning from overseas. Despite a growth rate of 4.6 percent between 2000 and 2010, levels of poverty, inequality, illiteracy, and unemployment among recent graduates had not improved since 2000, even as elite corruption and cronyism grew increasingly conspicuous.
Both the king and the coalition government formed by the Justice and Development Party (PJD) after the 2011 elections attempted to institute economic reforms. The king announced the expansion of a decentralized strategy to promote bottom-up democracy by allowing communities to take charge of their local affairs. The PJD went even further, promising to create jobs and raise educational levels while curbing corruption and improving government effectiveness, rule of law, and the business climate.
However, while Morocco had moved up two rankings on the Human Development Index by 2013, the country’s progress did not extend to other areas. Economic growth declined to an average of 3.7 percent between 2011 and 2014. The unemployment rate, which had fallen to 9.1 percent in 2010, has since been stagnant, with only 21,000 new jobs created in 2014. This slowdown occurred despite a relatively liberal free market approach to economic activity that attracted $3.4 billion in direct foreign investment.
The composition of Morocco’s unemployment reveals some especially troubling patterns. At 20.6 percent, youth unemployment is especially high and rises to a staggering 39.9 percent among urban workers aged 15-24. The marginalization of such large groups of young Moroccans creates a potential powder keg for revolution. Furthermore, the rate of unemployment rises along with job qualifications — from 4.5 percent for unskilled workers, to 21.7 percent for workers with vocational skills, to 24.6 percent for university graduates. Not surprisingly, Moroccans’ frustration with the government has skyrocketed, as illustrated by the decline in social capital (basically a measure of trust), which plummeted from 13th in the world in 2010 to 84th in2014.
The poor performance of the Moroccan economy has less to do with the viability of the Moroccan model than with its implementation, particularly in the area of governance. The political and constitutional reforms that were expected to usher in a period of improved governance failed to do so — in fact, because of an over-emphasis on laws and institutional proceduresinstead of substantive reform, the country’s performance deteriorated on five of the six World Bank Governance Indicators between 2010 and 2013. The human rights provisions of the 2011 constitution have been largely ignored.
Morocco’s economy has been hindered by the slow and tentative pace of change. The PJD seems to have subscribed to the Chinese idea of evolutionary institutionalism. Rather than risk dramatic changes in a new and highly uncertain environment, the Moroccan government has moved incrementally — always looking for better ways to improve the economy, but with minor reforms that can easily be reversed if proven ineffective.
Some excuse Morocco’s incremental pace of change in light of the dislocation and chaos created throughout the region when earlier neo-liberal market reforms were applied too swiftly. However, a more likely explanation is that, despite the appearance of comprehensive economic management, there is little real coordination between the ministries and agencies responsible for implementing key reforms. Because Morocco is still very much a monarchy, the PJD has no control over several key ministries, whose directors reportprimarily to the king. The faltering pace of economic reform can at least partly be attributed to ministries working at cross purposes, each focusing on its own priorities.
n order to create the necessary economic and social stability to counter the Islamic State, it is critical that Morocco complete its transition from a rent-based, special interest, distribution economy to a modern, production-oriented economy. It can only do so, however, if the government is allowed to apply a pragmatic, consistent, and goal-oriented approach to development. Toward this end, it is critical that the king lend his authority to the PJD to quickly overcome the opposition of vested interests.
While the slow, incremental approach to reform propelled the Chinese economy, China had the option of proceeding at its chosen pace. With the Islamic State threat looming, time may be a luxury Morocco can no longer afford. If the Arab Spring had resulted in a region-wide transformation to more democratic governance and effective policies to counter economic and political marginalization, groups like the Islamic State might never have evolved. For the time being, Morocco still has the chance to make that transformation. The likely alternative is a future defined by violence and war.
King Mohammed VI has said that Morocco cannot have “a two-speed system in which the rich reap the benefits of growth, thus becoming richer, while the poor are excluded from the development process, thus getting poorer and suffering more deprivation.” The question is whether the king is willing to trade some of his vast power and privilege, not only for the sake of human rights and greater income equality, but to save his country from the Islamic State. Unless action is taken soon, the day could come when the choice is no longer the king’s.
In the photo, unemployed Moroccans demand more job opportunities in Rabat.
Photo credit: FADEL SENNA/AFP/Getty Images

Eurozone crisis: Greek austerity plans meet warm but cautious response

Finance ministers receptive to package laid out by Alexis Tsipras, who faces greater challenge in getting MPs in Greece to back his proposals

 Greek prime minister Alexis Tsipras is applauded by lawmakers before addressing his parliamentary group meeting in Athens. Photograph: Louisa Gouliamaki/AFP/Getty Images
in Athens, and  in Berlin
Friday 10 July 2015
Eurozone finance ministers are poised to offer their tentative backing for Greek bailout proposals, after Athens caved in to creditor demands for further austerity measures in return for the promise of limited debt relief.