Peace for the World

Peace for the World
First democratic leader of Justice the Godfather of the Sri Lankan Tamil Struggle: Honourable Samuel James Veluppillai Chelvanayakam

Saturday, July 26, 2014

Sri Lanka’s NGO Clampdown

In a notice issued on July 1, the government of Sri Lanka announced that nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) would no longer be allowed to hold press conferences, conduct trainings for journalists, or issue press releases. The move has been sharply criticized by both leading activists within Sri Lanka and experienced international analysts. The U.S. State Department was also quick to criticize the move.

JVP rejects Shasheendra’s allegation


logoJVP rejects Shasheendra’s allegationJuly 26, 2014  
The JVP today rejected the allegation raised by Uva Province Chief Minister Shasheendra Rajapaksa, on four JVP leaders’ alleged involvement in a bomb attack in Kataragama in 1989.

Former JVP Parliamentarian, Samantha Vidyarathna, who is expected to contest the upcoming Uva PC election, told Ada Derana that the JVP is prepared to have a face-to-face debate with the Chief Minister, on this regard.

“If there is such allegation, in the first place he should take legal actions against us. This is a matter that should be dealt with the judiciary. As they become speechless for our allegations, and as well as fail to bring out practical solutions for public issues, now it has become the usual scenario to level baseless allegations,” Vidyarathna added.   

He pointed out that implementation of pragmatic solutions for public matters in a constructive way is significant to have, rather than debates on past happenings.
  
Leader of the JVP Anura Kumara Dissanayaka refused to comment on the incident.

UNHRC Gaza Vote & Indo-Lanka Ties


By Dayan Jayatilleka -July 25, 2014
Dr. Dayan Jayatilleka
Dr. Dayan Jayatilleka
Colombo TelegraphThe vote in the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva last week to institute an International Commission of Inquiry into Israel’s latest assault on Gaza is instructive for the Sri Lankan public in several senses.
It reveals the utter hypocrisy of those who moved a resolution against Sri Lanka and voted for it while voting against the resolution on Gaza or abstaining. At least those who voted against Israel and Sri Lanka show the virtue of consistency if not logic.
The UNHRC vote also exposed the hypocrisy of those Sri Lankan civil society activists and the global human rights lobbies, which hold that what Israel is doing in Gaza is on all fours with what Sri Lanka did in its war against the Tigers. The fact that India, which has close relations with Israel especially under the BJP, voted for the Gaza resolution while having abstained on Sri Lanka and indeed having voted against the international inquiry clause (OP10), and that this was precisely the stand of almost all of Asia on the respective issues of Israel/Gaza and Sri Lanka, clearly demonstrate the firebreak between the attitude towards an occupying power under international law on the one hand, and intrusion into the national sovereignty of a small ex-colonial state fighting a legitimate war against a secessionist terrorist movement on the other.
The Gaza vote also explodes the nonsensical postures of the Sri Lankan administration in the domain of external affairs. The UN Human Rights Council proved that it wasn’t an instrument of the USA and the West. On Gaza, the USA stood against the resolution and could obtain only its own vote!  Thus the victory of the resolutions initiated by the US on Sri Lanka at the UNHRC three years running was by no means foreordained. The dice was by no means loaded. Sri Lanka lost the resolutions far more than the USA won.Read More

IGP Makes A Pathetic Display Of Incompetence Regarding BASL President’s Request


Colombo TelegraphJuly 26, 2014
In a public display of the pathetic plight that the Police Department has sunken to,  the IGP, instead of executing his duties promptly, has informed the President of the Bar Association of Sri Lanka (BASL) that his request for an independent investigation into the recent intimidation attempts he had to face, have been forwarded to the Secretary of the Ministry of Law and Order for approval.
 Upul Jayasuriya
Upul Jayasuriya
In response to a letter by BASL President Upul Jayasuriya on July 23 titled ‘Security threat imposed on my life’ where he requested the Police Department to hold an independent investigation into the recent attempts by an unidentified gang to intimidate him, the IGP has informed Jayasuriya that approval has been sought from the Secretary to the Ministry of Law and Order to act upon the request.
Jayasuriya expressing his disappointment over the state of affairs and the lack of action or concern over the threats on his life told Colombo Telegraph that the response was a clear reflection of the pathetic state of the IGP.
“He has no shame to display in public, his inability to take a decision within his conscience and to discharge his duties under the Police Ordinance without being dictated by an administrative office who has no role to play under the Police ordinance,” he said.
Just over a week ago, an unidentified group in a motor-cycle and a three-wheeler tailed Jayasuriya for hours in an attempt to intimidate him. Despite reporting the vehicle registration numbers of the motor-bike and the three-wheeler in question, the Police still have not been able to make a single arrest in relation to the incident.
It is interesting to note that these intimidation attempts were made just two days after the BASL Executive Committee issued a statement condemning the circular issued by the National Secretariat for NGOs operating under the purview of the Defense Ministry.

Figure 13 explanation hides killing squads – Ranil


Dr_S_B
Upul Jayasuriya; a unwavering defender of the independence of Judiciary [Photo: Sunday Times]
Sri Lanka in Brief26/07/2014 
Opposition and UNP Leader Ranil Wickremesinghe  making a special statement in the parliament said that the  explanation given by the Commissioner General of Motor Traffic on moter bycle and thre weeler that followed Upul Jayasuriya, President of the Bar Association of Sri Lanka was unacceptable. “Commissioner may say that they had stopped issuing such numbers but we can find large number of vehicles bearing numbers that could produce figure 13 when the figures were added together. It seems that the commissioner had given wrong information.
Full text of Wickremesinghe’s statement:
A complaint has been made in Cinnamon Gardens Police Station that two suspicious characters with full face helmets on a motorcycle had followed Upul Jayasuriya, President of the Bar Association of Sri Lanka on his way from Hulftsdorp.
The Motorcyclist had followed Jayasuriya from Hulftsdorp to Galadari Hotel where he had remained for about half an hour and during which period these motorcyclists had remained outside the Hotel.  Notwithstanding that this was a high security area in front of the Presidential Secretariat.
Thereafter Jayasuriya had proceeded to an Office at Sir Earnest de Silva Mawatha, Colombo 7 and had been followed by the same motorcyclists who remained there for two to three hours.
The motorcyclists had also been seen talking to two persons in a three wheeler.
The number of the motorcycle was WP UB 4072 and that of the threewheeler was 207 – 5314.
Two motorcyclists had also been observing Jayasuriya’s residence both on the 15th of July 2014 and the 17th of July, 2014 and a complaint had been made in this regard to the Talangama Police Station.
The authorities however failed to trace any details regarding these suspicious persons or even their vehicles.
Apparently no details are available in the data base of the Department of Motor Traffic in respect of either the motorcycle or the three-wheeler.
Surprisingly however the details of the vehicles bearing the numbers immediately preceding and immediately following the numbers of these vehicles are available.  No explanation has been given for the gap in the numbering.
In the meantime the Attorney-General himself has written to the Inspector General of Police regarding this incident. I wish to ask the Prime Minister what is the present status of the investigations into this incident and what is the reason for the gap in the numbering of vehicles?”
Prime Minister D.M. Jayaratne said that statements had been recorded by Talangama police with regard to complaints made by Jayasuriya and investigations were in progress. Police teams have been instructed to visit the resident of Jayasuriya at No 61/11, Fifth Lane, Pahala Wela Road, Pelawatte twice a day and night. The Commissioner of Motor Traffic had said that two number plates of the trishaw and motorcycle added together each of them produced the figure ‘13’ which is considered as an unlucky number and the Department of Motor Traffic had stopped issuing such numbers.
Wickremesinghe said that explanation given by the Commissioner General of Motor Traffic was unacceptable. “Commissioner may say that they had stopped issuing such numbers but we can find large number of vehicles bearing numbers that could produce figure 13 when the figures were added together. It seems that the commissioner had given wrong information.
Leader of the Opposition requested presiding member Deputy Speaker Chandima Weerakkody to bring this issue of Commissioner of Motor Traffic giving wrong information to the notice of the Speaker.

Cold-Blooded Assault On Lieutenant By Brigadier But Military Spokesman Denies Allegations


Colombo TelegraphJuly 26, 2014
A Lieutenant attached to the Palali Army Camp has been heavily assaulted with an iron chair by a Brigadier of the same camp, for failing to report to him dressed in official sports attire.
Ruwan Wanigasooriya
Ruwan Wanigasooriya
The victimized Lieutenant had been off-duty as he had been advised by a doctor to take rest due to his ill-health, when he had been summoned by the Brigadier for a program on July 23. The Brigadier had lost his temper when he saw the Lieutenant not dressed in appropriate garb and had lifted an iron chair and assaulted him heavily.
The victimized officer is presently receiving treatment at the Palali military hospital.
However, the Military Spokesman Brigadier Ruwan Wanigasooriya, ever ready to defend the ‘holier-than-thou’ image of Sri Lanka Army has rejected the claims of an assault in his comments to local media concerning the incident.
“There had been a workshop and a group of officers had been summoned to participate in the program including this Lieutenant. He had been severely warned and advised due to his delayed arrival but there has absolutely been no clash or brawl,” he has told local media.

The Vijaya Kumaratunge Assassination

By Rajan Hoole -
Rajan Hoole
Rajan Hoole
Political Murders, the Commissions and the Unfinished Task – 8
A presidential commission comprising Supreme Court Judges P. Ramanathan and S.N. Silva (who subsequently became Attorney General and then Chief Justice), and High Court Judge D. Jayawickrema heard evidence on the assassination of Vijaya Kumaratunge (VK), a rising political star. He was assassinated on 16th February 1988, early during the JVP insurgency. In the findings, a prima facie case was said to lie against President Premadasa on the grounds that the former President was implicated by evidence of a motive for the assassination, and by circumstantial evidence of the suppression of the investigation. UNP Minister Ranjan Wijeratne was implicated by the Commissioners on the grounds that he illegally and improperly interfered in the conduct of the investigation. The motive attributed to
Premadasa is political – that VK who appealed to the same populist base as Premadasa was a formidable rival at the presidential elections scheduled for the end of 1988.
Some of the reasons given for the conclusions by the Commission are given below:
The CID and CDB of the Police worked closely in the investigation and obtained a description of the assassins from witnesses. On 14th March 1989 (3 months after Premadasa became president), the CDB arrested the suspected chief assassin Lionel Ranasinghe, who in turn confessed to the act. Subsequently he was interviewed by Minister Wijeratne and Ernest Perera, IGP, at a high security cell at Slave Island Police Station. Ranasinghe was shortly afterwards transferred to the CID on the orders of the minister, faithfully carried out by the IGP. Frank de Silva, then DIG/CID, denies that he was either consulted or knew anything about the transfer.
Vijaya
Vijaya
Another circumstance has to do with Bennet Perera, SSP, Director CID, who was closely involved in the case and had already been transferred out of the CID with one hour’s notice just after Premadasa had become president in December 1988. He was shot dead subsequently by an unknown person. Before leaving the CID he had told a subordinate of his discovery of the involvement of some government ministers in the assassination and advised him to keep out of the case. General Attygalle, then defence secretary, and the IGP could give no reason for the transfer of the admittedly effective officer, except that they were possibly passing down a ministerial order. Chandra Jayawardana, the new director installed, recorded a statement from the suspected chief assassin Ranasinghe, now in his custody, implicating him as a JVP assassin for the record, but did nothing to pursue leads, make arrests or carry out any further investigation.

President rebukes Mahinda Amaraweera at cabinet meeting

mr amaraweeraAt the cabinet meeting last Wednesday, the president has interrupted minister Mahinda Amaraweera and threatened him, reports say. The minister has said that there are problems in the country in the purchasing of the paddy produce and that the government should pay attention to it. Losing his temper, the president said, “Should you talk about it here. I know you are speaking for the newspapers. Do not try to be a cardboard hero here to gain marks from newspapers. If there is a problem, talk to me without making a voice.”
After the meeting, several ministers have gathered and spoken in a dejected tone about the insult their colleague had to face when trying to speak about the country’s real problems. One of them said, “Now, the cabinet is there not to talk about the country’s problems, but to sing hosannas of the royal family.”
The Rajapaksa family’s hatred towards minister Amaraweera is due to the result of a research conducted by a university about politics in Hambantota. According to the findngs of the research, the most popular politician in the district is Mahinda Amaraweera, not Namal Rajapaksa, and the most popular regional politician is D.V. Upul. That research has indicated that the popularity of the Rajapaksa family members and those who are close to them has declined. Many have begun talking about the wickedness of the ruling family who have fallen to the depth of envying and hating popular leaders of their own party.

Shashindra Rajapaksa's action illegal - Supreme Court

shashindra rajapakshaThe Supreme Court has ordered Basnayake Nilame of Ruhunu Kataragama Maha Devale Shashindra Rajapaksa to allow P.R. Adikaram to function as a Kapuwa of the Devale.

The Basnayake Nilame had exercised his powers and prevented the petitioner from functioning as a Kapuwa although he is entitled to do so traditionally.
Both the high court and the Supreme Court heard the case and determined it was illegal not to allow the petitioner to function as a Kapuwa.
However, disruptions to him continued by way of filing various other cases, lankatruth reports.
The previous ruling on 04 April 2014 ordered that the functions of the petitioner as a Kapuwa be not disrupted.
As the disruptions continued, he has again gone to court.

Palestinian death toll exceeds 1,000, medics say

   

Paul Mason heads to Jerusalem I Channel 4 News


A woman shows her emotion on the streets of Gaza (credit: Getty Images)

Channel 4 NewsSATURDAY 26 JULY 2014
More than 1,000 Palestinians have been killed in the Israel-Gaza conflict, according to Palestinian medical officials.
The news comes as foreign ministers from seven nations called for an extension of the 12-hour ceasefire between Israel and Hamas in the Gaza Strip, according to Laurent Fabius, the French foreign minister.
"All of us call on the parties to extend the military ceasefire that is currently underway," Mr Fabius told reporters, following a meeting that included the foreign ministers of Britain, France, Qatar, Germany, Italy, Turkey and the United States.

Ceasefire

Israel's military pledged to hold fire for 12 hours from 8am (0500 GMT), but will continue searching for tunnels used by militants. The Islamist group Hamas, which dominates Gaza, said that all Palestinian factions would adhere by the short ceasefire.
Meanwhile, Gaza health officials said rescue workers have so far gathered 40 bodies from under rubble since the truce started. Eighteen members of a family died from tank shelling near Khan Younis in the southern Gaza Strip shortly before the ceasefire begun, the Gaza Health Ministry stated.

Russia criticises EU sanctions, raps U.S. over Ukraine role

Russian amphibious vehicles move during a naval parade rehearsal in the far eastern port of Vladivostok, July 25, 2014.
Russian amphibious vehicles move during a naval parade rehearsal in the far eastern port of Vladivostok, July 25, 2014. REUTERS/Yuri Maltsev
Reuters
BY VLADIMIR SOLDATKIN-
MOSCOW Sat Jul 26, 2014 
(Reuters) - Russia reacted angrily on Saturday to additional sanctions imposed by the European Union over Moscow's role in the Ukraine crisis, saying they would hamper cooperation on security issues and undermine the fight against terrorism and organised crime.
Russia's Foreign Ministry also accused the United States, which has already imposed its own sanctions against Moscow, of contributing to the conflict in Ukraine through its support for the pro-Western government in Kiev.
The 28-nation EU reached an outline agreement on Friday to impose the first economic sanctions on Russia over its behaviour in Ukraine but scaled back their scope to exclude technology for the crucial gas sector.
The EU also imposed travel bans and asset freezes on the chiefs of Russia's FSB security service and foreign intelligence service and a number of other top Russian officials, saying they had helped shape Russian government policy that threatened Ukraine's sovereignty and national integrity.
"The additional sanction list is direct evidence that the EU countries have set a course for fully scaling down cooperation with Russia over the issues of international and regional security," Russia's Foreign Ministry said in a statement.
"(This) includes the fight against the proliferation of weapon of mass destruction, terrorism, organised crime and other new challenges and dangers."
The EU had already imposed asset freezes and travel bans on dozens of senior Russian officials over Russia's annexation in March of Ukraine's Black Sea peninsula of Crimea and its support for separatists battling Kiev's forces in eastern Ukraine.
The decision to move towards targeting sectors of Russia's economy came after last week's downing of a Malaysian MH17 airliner, killing 298 people, in an area of eastern Ukraine held by the Russian-backed separatists.
The United States and other Western countries accuse the separatists of downing the plane with a surface-to-air missile supplied by Russia. The separatists deny shooting down the plane and Russia says it has provided no such weapons. Moscow has suggested Kiev's forces are to blame for the crash.
On Saturday, Britain's Foreign Office accused Russia of making "contradictory, mutually exclusive claims" in blaming Ukraine for the tragedy and said it was "highly likely" the separatists had brought it down with a Russian-supplied missile.
"SLANDER CAMPAIGN"In a second statement on Saturday, Russia's Foreign Ministry said Washington shared responsibility for the crisis.
"The United States continues to push Kiev into the forceful repression of (Ukraine's) Russian-speaking population's discontent. There is one conclusion - the Obama administration has some responsibility both for the internal conflict in Ukraine and its severe consequences," the ministry said.
Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier of Germany, Europe's largest economy which also has strong trade ties with Russia, spoke out strongly in favour of the new EU sanctions against Moscow in an interview published on Saturday.
"After the death of 300 innocent people in the MH17 crash and the disrespectful roaming around the crash site of marauding soldiers, the behaviour of Russia leaves us no other choice." he told Germany's Sueddeutsche Zeitung newspaper.
"We remain true to our course: cleverly calibrated and mutually agreed measures to raise the pressure and towards a willingness to have serious talks with Russia," he said in the interview, conducted on Friday.
German Economy Minister Sigmar Gabriel told the Spiegel weekly in comments due to be published on Sunday that the sanctions should above all hit Russia's oligarchs, arguing that the country's political system rested on them.
"We must freeze their (bank) accounts in European capitals and deny them the ability to travel," Gabriel said.
In Kuala Lumpur, Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak said he would hold talks in the Netherlands next Wednesday with his Dutch counterpart Mark Rutte on how to secure full access for international investigators to the site of the plane crash.
"This will require the cooperation of those in control of the crash site and the Ukrainian armed forces," he said.
The separatists remain in control of the area where the plane came down. A total of 193 Dutch nationals and 43 Malaysians were among the victims aboard MH-17, which had been flying from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur.
Russia has said it wants an independent investigation into the crash, under U.N. auspices. The Kremlin said on Saturday President Putin had spoken by telephone with Australia's Prime Minister Tony Abbott about the need to allow international recovery experts safe access to the crash site.
At least 27 Australians were killed in the crash.
(Additional reporting by Madeline Chambers in Berlin and Stephen Addison in London; Editing by Gareth Jones)

Plane Tracking


| by Victor Cherubim
( July 26, 2014, London, Sri Lanka Guardian) Over the last three decades travel by air has taken off by leaps and bounds. From Charter flights to no frills discount air travel, passengers have become “liberated” to expect much for less. Airlines have thus sought innovative ways of keeping up with demand.
The focus is becoming more on leisure travel. Airlines to regain profitability after high and volatile fuel costs, economic downturn and raised operating cost, resorted to consolidating services, cutting airline routes and airports and shortening distances in flight, not only with faster aircraft. With mergers of airlines, in Europe (BA with Iberian, Air France with KLM) and in US seven carriers becoming four major airlines, thereby reducing competition for passengers. Masking service, with a strategy of “capacity discipline,” the trend with carriers now is that they are relying on ancillary fees for baggage and other services to adjust demand and added extras for security.

Train spotting as comparison

Smart working by passengers is also seen simultaneously. Aircraft tracking is becoming as popular as “train spotting” in days past, but for a variety of diverse reasons. While train spotting has been a hobby for many generations of enthusiasts, attracting both youth and elders who were so captivated by “spotting” an engine, a particular class of locomotive, steam, diesel or electric, or even a carriage, by logging this data on record books, it was a pastime. Flight tracking, now involves not only the observation together with photography, noise recording and registration numbers of aircraft, helicopters, gliders, military aircraft ranging from Lancaster Bombers to Stealth Bombers and even drones. Monitoring airlines for delays at airports, baggage handling, clearance, take off and landings delays, but more scrutiny of flight paths and flight routes, has become routine “surveillance,” not necessarily at terminals but from home computers.

The attraction for aircraft tracking was in the past, for two main reasons among others. 
Observers and enthusiasts noticed the key attributes of an aircraft, the distinctive noise from an engine, Rolls Royce powered vs. Pratt & Whitney, or even others; the size and make of the aircraft, or possibly the number of vapour trails it leaves, for comparison. More than that, also the sheer enjoyment in spotting various aircraft design in special livery, flight colourful schemes, tail fin and body paint, along with listening attentively on air band scanners to flight conversation exchanged between pilots and Air Traffic Controllers in various dialects and “lingo”, is an added bonus.

Unlike train spotters, who would travel long distances to visit stations, important junctions, sidings and marshalling yards all over UK, in all weather, to have sight of their favourite model and record the engine number with time and place, it was noticed, flight tracking is more a science, an experience rather than pure enjoyment.

The distinctive features of an aircraft have always fascinated aircraft spotters. They track the movement of planes around the world and within national boundaries using such devices as Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast technology or ADS5 decoders. They include Air Nav Systems radar and Kinetic Avionics SBS, both which read and process the radar data and display the reality of movements of aircraft on computer screens.

Concorde landing

It was some years ago on Friday 24 October 2003 just after 4.00 p.m. that I had the rare opportunity of witnessing the landing of the Concorde, on its last flight from New York into Heathrow. I joined the numerous enthusiasts and curious onlookers, who had crowded the perimeter fence at Heathrow for a last look at this landing. It was a sight and the atmosphere was electric, as we all overheard the voice of the Pilot in communication with the Air Traffic Controller, on approach to landing by audible scanner.

Plane Plotter

Now we have moved on with Flightrader24, software, a live air traffic “app” which was originated by two Swedish aviation experts in 2006.This application provides real time information for thousands of aircraft around the globe.

Sadly Malaysian Airlines Flight MH370/MAS370,a scheduled international passenger flight, a Boeing 777-200 ER, with registration No.9M-MROC,carrying 227 passengers from 15 nations and a crew of 12, disappeared on 08 March 2014 enroute from Kuala Lampur to Beijing Capital International Airport.

Flightrader24 did not track any signals from the “transponder,” neither is there any trace of the plane to date. Since the downing of yet another Malaysian Flight MH17 with 298 bodies over Eastern Ukraine, some eight days ago, not only has the sales of Flightrader24 gone viral, but airplane tracking has moved on from being an enthusiast hobby, to being an essential equipment of aircraft travel research.

Why the fascination with Flight Paths?

Bloomberg News reveals, “The growing fascination with flight path stems is in part from the dearth of reliable information surrounding the crash, caused most likely by a missile strike over Eastern Ukraine. 

Flightrader24 data reveals that the airspace over Ukraine was a popular route before the downing, with MH17 having flown from the same path five days in the past week”.

What has happened since both the above incidents is that the Prime Minister of Ukraine, Arseniy Yatsenyuk, has tendered his resignation, perhaps a key to the tragedy.

While airlines are becoming more vigilant,What is more worrying is that air travel routes are under scrutiny by IATA and passengers are getting concerned about airlines, their flight paths, their age and their service history, thus putting some pressure not only on safety but also on cost escalation.

Air Algérie crash: second black box from flight AH5017 found

Experts from UN mission in Mali find second black box as French and Burkinabe presidents meet victims' families

Wreckage from Air Algérie flight AH5017 at the crash site, where the second black box was found. Photograph: Sia Kambou/AFP/Getty Images
Wreckage from Air Algérie flight AH5017The Guardian homeAssociated Press in Bamako-
Saturday 26 July 2014
The UN peacekeeping mission in Mali said on Saturday that its experts had found the second black box of the Air Algérie plane that crashed in remote northern Mali, killing all 118 people onboard.
The second box may help to determine what caused the plane to go down, according to a statement by the UN mission.
Air Algérie flight AH5017 was flying from the Burkinabe capital of Ouagadougou to Algiers on Thursday when it crashed near the Mali-Burkina Faso border.
The Burkinabe government flew three family members of those killed to the crash site on Saturday so they could see the aftermath for themselves, said spokesman Victorien Sawadogo.
The Burkinabe president, Blaise Compaore, was due to meet other family members on Saturday afternoon, he added.
In Paris, the French president, François Hollande, also met victims' families. Nearly half of those who perished on flight AH5017 were French.
Spanish and Algerian officials flew to Burkina Faso to express their condolences. All six members of flight AH 5017 were Spanish.

Justice for MH17

The world wants to hold someone accountable for the 298 people killed. But determining whom to go after -- and how to hold them responsible -- won’t be easy.


When a catastrophic event like the downing of Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 occurs, there is an understandable demand for accountability. "We will not rest until we are certain that justice is done," President Barack Obama wrote on Tuesday in a Dutch condolence book for the victims of the crash. In the immediate aftermath of the shoot-down, Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko similarly vowed, "We are sure that those who are guilty in this tragedy will be held responsible."